When it comes to restoring decayed or damaged teeth, dental fillings are one of the most common solutions. Among the many filling materials available, glass ionomer fillings offer unique benefits, particularly for certain types of cavities and patient groups. But how long do they actually last? Understanding their lifespan, advantages, and limitations can help you decide if they’re the right choice for your dental needs.
What Are Glass Ionomer Fillings?
Glass ionomer fillings are made from a combination of glass particles and acrylic acids, which form a strong bond with the tooth’s surface. One of their standout features is their ability to release fluoride, which helps protect the surrounding tooth structure from further decay. Because of this, they are commonly used in the following situations:
- Fillings for children’s teeth (as a temporary solution before permanent teeth come in).
- Cavities on the root surface (especially in older adults with gum recession).
- Non-load-bearing areas (teeth that do not endure heavy chewing forces).
Unlike traditional composite resin fillings, glass ionomer fillings do not require an adhesive bonding agent, as they chemically bond to the tooth. This makes them a minimally invasive option that preserves as much natural tooth structure as possible.
How Long Do They Last?
The longevity of a glass ionomer filling depends on several factors, including its placement, a patient’s oral habits, and overall dental health. In low-stress areas, such as root surface cavities or fillings for children’s teeth, these fillings typically last between five to ten years. However, when placed on molars or other high-pressure biting surfaces, their durability may be reduced to less than five years.
A clinical review found that resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC) used in Class V cavities have an annual failure rate of less than 3% over a 13-year period, demonstrating their reliability in appropriate conditions. While their durability is lower than some other filling materials, their fluoride-releasing properties make them an excellent choice for patients who are prone to cavities or require a more protective filling material.
What Affects Their Longevity?
Several factors influence how long a glass ionomer filling will last:
- Location of the Filling – If the filling is placed on a tooth that experiences significant chewing force (such as molars), it will wear down more quickly.
- Oral Hygiene Practices – Patients who brush and floss regularly tend to experience longer-lasting fillings.
- Dietary Habits – Acidic and sugary foods can weaken fillings over time, increasing the risk of wear and breakdown.
- Bruxism (Teeth Grinding or Clenching) – Those who grind their teeth may experience faster deterioration of glass ionomer fillings.
- Regular Dental Check-Ups – Routine visits to your dentist allow for early detection of filling wear and timely replacements when necessary.
How Do Glass Ionomer Fillings Compare to Other Materials?
While glass ionomer fillings have unique advantages, they’re not suitable for all cases. Here’s how they compare to other common filling materials:
- Composite Resin Fillings – Offer better aesthetics and durability but do not release fluoride.
- Amalgam Fillings – Highly durable but contain mercury and do not blend with natural tooth colour.
- Gold or Porcelain Fillings – Extremely long-lasting but much more expensive than other options.
For patients who need a long-term, durable solution, composite or amalgam may be preferable for high-pressure areas. However, for cases where fluoride release and minimal drilling are priorities, glass ionomer remains a great choice.
How to Extend Their Lifespan
Although glass ionomer fillings naturally wear over time, you can take steps to help them last longer:
- Brush your teeth twice a day using a fluoride toothpaste to strengthen your enamel.
- Avoid chewing on hard or sticky foods, which can wear down or dislodge the filling.
- Schedule regular dental visits to monitor the condition of the filling.
- Consider a nightguard if you grind your teeth, as this can accelerate wear.
Are They Right for You?
While glass ionomer fillings are not the most durable option, they provide fluoride protection and a strong bond to the tooth, making them particularly useful for children, older adults, and those at a higher risk of cavities.
If you’re unsure whether this type of filling is the best choice for you, our team can help. We will assess your individual needs and recommend the most appropriate filling material based on your lifestyle, oral health, and long-term goals.
To learn more or to book an appointment, contact Dental Lounge Eltham today. We’re committed to providing the highest standard of dental care to help you maintain a healthy and confident smile for years to come.
